Aural hematoma in dogs skin#
Regardless of aetiology, it is agreed that rupture of the branches of the caudal auricular artery causes blood to pool between the skin on the inside of the pinna and the cartilage 1, 5, 7, 8. Otitis externa and otitis media have been proposed to lead to head-shaking and therefore to act as predisposing factors for aural haematoma 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. A few theories for cartilage damage have been proposed that mainly focus on self-inflicted trauma from head shaking with subsequent blunt force to the pinna 1, 8, or immunological factors 7. The pathogenesis of aural haematoma remains unclear, although some studies have documented erosion and fracture of the auricular pinnal cartilage as possible causative factors in dogs with aural haematoma 1, 7, 8, 9. Aural haematoma can cause distress to the dog by pain from the swelling and inflammation of the pinna and also by distress from the added weight of the affected ear 6. The condition generally presents as a swollen pinna, typically on the inner concave aspect, which is filled with serosanguinous fluid 4, 5. New knowledge of key breed predispositions will contribute to improved breed health control strategies.Īural haematoma is commonly stated as a frequent diagnosis in veterinary general practice 1, 2, 3 but there is limited population-based information on the precise frequency of aural haematoma in the wider UK canine population. Associations between ear carriage within breeds and the risk of aural haematoma suggest that trauma along the line of cartilage folding within V-shaped and semi-erect ears may trigger aural haematoma. Increasing age, increasing bodyweight and breeds with V-shaped drop and semi-erect ear carriage also showed increased odds of aural haematoma. Breeds with the highest odds included Bull Terrier (OR 7.42, 95% confidence interval 4.39–12.54), Saint Bernard (OR 7.28, 95% confidence interval 3.58–14.81) and French Bulldog (OR 6.95, 95% confidence interval 5.55–8.70). After accounting for confounding factors, 14 breeds showed increased odds and 20 breeds showed reduced odds of aural haematoma compared with crossbred dogs. The estimated one-year incidence risk for aural haematoma was 0.25% (95% confidence interval 0.24–0.26).
There were 2,249/905,554 dogs diagnosed with aural haematoma during 2016. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression modelling were used for risk factor analysis. Dogs diagnosed with aural haematoma during 2016 were identified from the VetCompass database. To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for aural haematoma in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK.
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